Most access control programs are built around getting people in. New starters get a laptop, an identity, a set of groups and a list of applications on day one, usually through a checklist that HR and IT have tuned for years. Getting people out gets far less attention. The result is predictable: former employees, contractors and interns who still have working access weeks or months after they left, to systems nobody remembered they had.

The IT support model that existed before 2020 was built around physical proximity. The helpdesk sat in the office building. Employees who needed support walked to the helpdesk or the helpdesk walked to the employee. Hardware issues were resolved by hand. The model had inefficiencies — the helpdesk was idle when nobody needed support, and wait times were unpredictable — but it had a ceiling on support complexity that physical access naturally enforced.

Enterprise IT has adopted AI-assisted tools at an uneven pace across the four functional areas. The adoption unevenness reflects a genuine difference in the maturity of AI applications across contexts — some IT functions have clear, measurable AI use cases with documented productivity gains, while others have AI vendor claims that have not translated to operational reality at the scale most enterprises require.

The honest assessment of where AI is saving time in enterprise IT is narrow but real: specific use cases within IT support, security operations, and software development assistance have demonstrated consistent productivity gains. The broader claims — AI transformation of IT operations across all functions — remain future-oriented rather than present-tense.

The self-service IT portal is one of enterprise IT’s most persistent good ideas with consistently poor implementation. The idea is sound: employees who can resolve their own IT issues without contacting the helpdesk reduce the support burden, resolve their issues faster, and build a level of IT self-sufficiency that benefits the organization. The implementation failure is that self-service portals are almost universally designed to make it easy for IT to publish content rather than easy for employees to find solutions to their problems.

Every IT organization with a persistent ticket backlog treats the backlog as the problem and measures progress by reducing it. This is the wrong frame. A ticket backlog is the visible manifestation of a supply-demand imbalance in IT support capacity — the result of a problem, not the problem itself. Treating the backlog as the target produces solutions that attack the symptom: hiring more helpdesk staff, implementing triage automation to move tickets faster, setting SLA targets that create pressure to close tickets quickly. None of these address why the tickets were created in the first place.